THE COMMODIFICATION OF WOMEN IN INDIAN CINEMA

Abstract

This paper analyzes the historical development and current representations of female commodification in Indian cinema, specifically within popular Bollywood films. This study examines the progression of female representation in Indian cinema from its inception to the contemporary day, evaluating the impact of economic, cultural, and social variables on the objectification and commodification of women's bodies in film. The research examines many forms of commodification, such as the "item number" issue, the male gaze in cinematography, the gender pay gap, and the restricted narrative agency granted to female characters. This analysis recognizes substantial advancements in feminist filmmaking and evolving industry practices, yet contends that genuine structural transformation necessitates ongoing critical scrutiny of representational practices, enhanced diversity in production roles, and economic reforms within the industry. Comprehending these relationships offers significant insight into the correlation between media portrayal and overarching cultural ideas toward gender within the Indian setting. Keywords: Indian cinema, Bollywood, female representation, commodification, objectification, male gaze, gender inequality, item numbers, feminist film theory, film history.